iranian culture and persian literature

 Darius I the Iranian Persian Emperor

Darius I , the king of Persia(Iran) (522-486 BCE) in Achaemenian dynasty.he was probably the powerfullest king of Persia in 2500 years ago. he was the son of Hystaspes.his name is Today Persian is Daryush,in English:Darius,in Spanish and Italian:Dario, in Greek :Dereios,in Indian :Darayou,in Hebrew : Daryavush.
  He divided his empire into more than 20 satrapes(states) with self direction and deferences law.he made RAHE SHAHI or Royal road in Iran that connected Parse(his capital name) to Susa and from susa to Sard; and also he increased the Divani programs and bureaucracy in his Empire.His Army was so Powerfull and had multinations soldiers from Assyrian,Egeptian,Armenian,Indian ,Ionic ethnicity.
  
 Achaemenian Empire in greatest extent by Darius of Persia in 500 BC

    in his era he builed very wonderfull building and it’s largest project was Pasargad or Perspolis(today called Taxte jamshid in Iran) nearest today Shiraz in south of iran as his capital,this ancient great building is a royal town with high walls and beautifull arts that is a combination of Persian arts and the same Ionic,Armenian,Assyrian, Sardian,Elamite art and cultural elements.one of the wounderfullest parts is the exploration of more than 30000 little scroll that is used as wage of work to build up.in this scrolls you can sea some female names and it has revealed that in Ancient Persia women did work like men,their works was usually secretarial and supportive services and economical acts.
 Perspolis           

the Apadana castle in Susa his wice capital that is remain in today Cusistan(Xuzestan) nearest today Susa,his tomb is in a rock face ( called naqshe Rostam) next to his capital.
 but one of his wounderfullest buildings is in Egypt.he made a canal in the nile to Suez, in 500 BC.to ” connect the Nile river  to the sea who come from Persia”( it means persian gulf) it is written in a script on Canal of Suez.he ordered to gig a canal between Nile and Red sea.and wrote a script.it found by ferdinand auspess in 1866 when he was trying ro gig the canal of Suez and faced to a ancient rival.he was Darius the great of Persia. he revealed in his script:
      “I am a Persian,I have captured Egypt from Persia, I order to dig this canal a river named Nile that is in Egypt to a sea which come frome Persia.thus this canal get dug, and in that way wich I did command the ships moved frome Egypt to Persia.”
   Drius I script in Egypt              Tachar castle    parse
 also darius is known for his Behistoon scrip in western part of today Iran.it is the report of his power to supressing the enemies.it is chiseled in the rocks of Bistoon(Behistun) mountain.it is next to a ancient town with the same name.
                                                

his death  occured in 486 BCE ,his tomb is nearest to Shiraz ,people call his tomb “Naqshe Rostam.it is cut in a beautifull rock face as tou can see in below image.it is the tomb of ancient Iranian king.his empie was succeeded by his son Xerxes.

    Darius tomb                                       perspolis